Friday, June 26, 2009

Listen to the Aquifers

With elegant awe we view Piedmont and mountain land,
And its underground counterpart we try to understand.
The animated hidden ground water has much to say.
Looking closely, we see how the water game will play.

Beneath all of the slopes of every mountain valley,
And under more Piedmont slopes than we can tally,
Ground water moves at its preferred pace,
Never interested in some competitive race.

Under the soil and into rock’s winding fractures,
Always seeking springs and lowland apertures,
Trickling below elusively for tens to hundreds of weeks,
Ground water moves steadily toward nearby creeks.

The aquifers are bounded by hilltops and adjacent streams.
Further limited by deep unfractured rocks, each seems
Ready to cope with global warming and our water need,
But our greedy habits don’t abide by the aquifers’ creed.

In a trough between adjoining aquifers is each river or creek.
Aquifers nourish and pamper them and try not to let them leak.
Furnishing water to streams during long periods without rain
Is a big responsibility that aquifers try to maintain.

A true environmental pulse is each aquifer’s water table.
Down in dry weather and up in wet weather is a nice label.
As each aquifer is small, modest in yield, and not tightly connected
Over-pumping of ground water regionally is not to be expected.

As each aquifer may be sensitive to abuse by us,
It can spitefully fight back and raise a fuss.
When water is overused or contaminants are in its path,
An aquifer has several ways to boldly express its wrath.

Not easily adaptable to human regulations,
Aquifers behave with their own deliberations.
The aquifers are talking, but do we listen?
Are there valuable lessons we are missin’?

Our forefathers expected pristine ground water everywhere.
Now, the hidden sea of ground water is pocked here and there
With a plume of contaminated ground water from each waste site.
Spreading and mixing of good and bad water is now a sorry plight.

Local aquifers refuse to cooperate with urban sprawl.
Dense population creates waste, and aquifers have gall.
Some aquifers are poisoned each month and can never come back.
Sustainability of all good ground-water supplies is not on track.

As surface water supplies weaken in a drought
Well water from aquifers may continue to spout.
Groundwater storage may lessen but can still bring
Water supplies to be replenished by the coming spring.

In emergencies that may arise with unforeseen disaster
Places for special pure water we may need to get faster.
Here and there is a pristine spring in a v-shaped valley
For us to appreciate and around which we can rally

Hill and dale, linked mini-aquifers everywhere surround us.
Translations of landscape and geologic thoughts are a plus.
Topographic maps help us to view aquifers in a splendid way.
We now see how each aquifer’s underground game can play.

The underground landscape offers new scenic views,
And exploring with aquifers offers a creative cruise.
To look under ground with art in virtual reality,
One can see nature’s handiwork and its vitality.

The Water Table

Every landowner subconsciously has one
Talking about it is vague when said and done.
We may not see the water table
Yet, its importance is no fable
And to predict its character is a bit of fun.

Lying a short distance below the ground
Beneath the hills it is shaped as a mound
Infiltrating rainfall makes contact.
The water table can play and act,
Changing patterns with little or no sound.

The water table mirrors the slope of the land
Almost, and that statement is powerful and grand
The topographic map says we can see
The water table and what it can be
Good aquifer information is already at hand.

The water table is an environmental pulse to use
It’s a part of the water cycle on which to cruise
Always moving up or down
Here and there under ground
It is the pivotal item to make the news.

“Save our water table,” an erroneous expression,
Yet, on a bumper sticker as a good impression.
People want to know its behavior
Wishing for it to be a water savior
Will it be a topic in a global warming session?

Personality and Human Characteristics of Aquifers

Aquifers like to be treated with respect. If they are abused, they can be contrary, and the ground water can be spiteful. They would admit these charges if they were allowed to speak.

Most people don’t think seriously of the valuable ground water and the water-bearing formation which is in the ground beneath their feet. Aquifers have a range of personalities and characteristics. They can be kindly or unkindly. What is behind the hostility? Let’s have a conversation with ground water and the aquifers.

Humans argue about good and bad features of ground water and the behavior of aquifers. Points of view differ widely while total understanding and communications are less than perfect. The aquifers want to express themselves, but they are left out of the discussions and communications.

Aquifers are talking but do we listen?
Is there something we are missin’?

The personality and human characteristics of aquifers can be expressed usefully in metaphorical language. Ascribing human feelings and sensibilities to nonhuman beings, objects, or phenomena is known as anthropomorphism. This approach tends to provide a different perspective and represents a useful picture language. For example, the well beckons and invites the surrounding relaxed ground water to its pompous pump.

Aquifers try to serve humans in helpful ways, but these water-bearing systems can be undesirably stubborn, resulting in problems that collectively run into billions of dollars. Aquifers can readily resist some human actions. An attitude or light-hearted philosophy which maintains that inanimate objects are hostile to humans is called resistentialism. It involves seemingly spiteful behavior from these objects or phenomena. You drop the toast and it hits the floor jelly side down. Humans feed aquifers with wastes here and there, and in return the aquifers give contaminated water back in dispersed form that is difficult and costly to manage. In some cases, over-pumped aquifers give brackish or undesirable water of poor quality to well supplies. Ground water can bite back in many ways.

"As an aquifer, I abide by nature’s wishes and not by human wishes and expectations. Why do humans think that they are ordained spokespersons for me? Government agencies try to protect me, of course. Yet, I developed my characteristics and special patterns long before the regulatory agencies were formed. They try to make me behave in regimented ways that they have devised. I have my own creed and will continue to behave as nature has taught me, regardless of human demands. Humans should try to understand better how I operate and then apply proper rules-of-thumb procedures and generalizations that reasonably apply.

Like the human body, I have many parts, features, and characteristics that act together in hidden ways. The ground-water specialists probe and examine me with test wells and monitoring programs. In similar ways to blood-pressure tests, they may check my inner system and patterns of fluid flow. In some cases the costs are very high. I do not try to simplify things. I tease humans with various complexities and drive mathematical-oriented specialists wild, but they pretend to make me simple and play with me in idealized ways. I am never perfect in all respects. I have as many flaws and complex side-effects as many human medicines.

Humans appreciate my great usefulness in providing potable water to wells for many people and my ability to furnish water to creeks and rivers to maintain surface water supplies. Yet, when abused I can fight back and be spiteful. As with the human body, I can get sick and weak. Already there is a wide variety of problems which will be even more critical in the years ahead. Humans should realize that I will be involved in important benevolent and malevolent consequences as a result of the future global climate change. We have had communication problems in the past, but I am willing to talk with you."



"I am not easily adaptable to human regulations
But I will behave with my own deliberations."

-The Aquifer Creed


(Published in Nov.-Dec. 2006 by The Professional Geologist
(TPG) vol 43, no. 6, p.23

Wellhead Protection

A well’s area of water contribution
Comes from an outward reach of distribution
When the well is pumped, it beckons,
For the water to come from all sections.

A pumped well causes a stir in the water table
The disturbed water reacts as it is capable
A pumping cone of depression is developed
And a local circle of water is enveloped.

We can see that a well needs space
To have ample, pure water in every case.
Regulators require a zone of wellhead protection
The site of the well must have careful selection.

Permeable rocks and a high-yielding well
May cause the cone of depression to outward swell.
Under opposite conditions, the cone may be steep
And the cone may not have a great outward leap.

On up-slope parts of the cone in the water table
The natural flow of ground water is able
To enter the cone and contribute
More water for a sustained supply to suit.

So, if the well were able to talk
It would inevitably balk
If the contributing area is much too small
Or if contaminants are in urban sprawl.

The Plume

A plume of contaminated ground water is conceived
At the water table without any welcomed need.
It may have an elongated trend,
Finding where and when to end.


Wherever serious and massive wastes may loom
The ground setting is right for a contaminant plume
Abundant in areas of human sprawl
Chances of potable water may fall.

An action that may lead to unintended consequence
Should be considered without words to mince
What could really go wrong?
It’s Murphy’s Law and so long.

Can we merely wait and do nothing but debate
While hoping that contaminants will attenuate
At a waste site we know
As the plume continues to grow?

No method of remedy or simple treatment is ideal
Everyone wishes that the aquifer would heal
The old method of “pump and treat”
Almost always ends up incomplete.

Aquifers Bite Back

An aquifer’s structure has its own natural special charge
In handling water recharge, transmission, and discharge.
When humans interfere in their way
Aquifers bristle and have much to say
There may be serious confrontations that are large.

Aquifer’s habits and behavior have been in play
Human modifications may not have much to say
Aquifers can bite back
Without losing much slack
Can humans compromise with very little to pay?

We will not always have our way
With aquifers in the game they play.
They continue to adhere to nature’s creed,
And we must be meek and adjust our need.
We should look to see what the aquifers say.

The Proud and Powerful Well Pump

Just a simple matter-of–fact it may easily sound
That a well pump draws water out of the ground
But humans thrive in many ways
Because the pump works and plays.

The aquifer gives up water readily
When the pump is in action steadily
The water table falls as a cone of depression
While the activity of the pump is in session.

Aquifers and pumps should be a bipartite
To see that humans get ground water just right
Enough water to supply the needy
And not too much to bring out the greedy.